Harrow.



No. 7oo, 2|4. f Patented may 20,1902. j

J. MAcPHAn.. HARBW.

(Application mea Apr. 22,1901.) y (lo Model.)

fel/zv 'UNITED STATES' lPATENT OFFICE.

JAMES MACPHAIL, OF BLUE ISLAND, ILLINOIS.

HARROW.l

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 700,214, dated May 20, 1902. Application filed April 22, 19Q1, Serial No.757,011. (No model.)

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES MACPHAIL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Blue Island, in the county'of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinventeda new and useful Improvement in Harrow's, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to harrows.

g The object of theV invention is to provide an efcient construction and arrangement for securing and supporting the barrow-teeth.

Other objects of the invention willappear more fully hereinafter.

The invention consists, substantially, in the construction, combination, location', and arrangement, all as will be more fully hereinafter set forth, as shown in the accompanying drawings, and finally pointed out in the. ap-A pended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings and to the various views and reference-signs appearingthereon, Figure l is a view in side elevation of a harrow embodying in its con-l struction the features of the invention. Fig.` 2 is a rear elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail View illustrating the manner of securing and supporting a tooth. Y

The same part is designated lby the same reference-sign wherever it occurs throughout the several views.

In the drawings, reference-sign Adesignates a suitable support, which may be of any suitable or convenient construction and arrangement. In the form shown the support comprises a tubular section; but it'is'obvious that the invention is not to be limited to the tubular form or cross-sectional shape of the support. The support is provided with openings transversely through thefsame.

\ The barrow-tooth (designated generally by reference-sign B') is formed of steel or other suitable material and is provided with a shank portion C, adapted to be driven through or into the transverse opening in the support A orotherwisey suitably and conveniently mounted in'or secured to said support. The shank portion C ofthe tooth terminates in a sharp bend D,.and a straight portion E con- 'tinuesf from said bend in angular relation with respect to the shank, the-straight portion E terminating in a ben-d -or loop F touWard the support and of ycompara-tively large yor otherwise.

l radius, the straight or working stem Gof the tooth'forminga continuation of the loop F.

The length of the straightfportion E and the relative radii of the bend D and the loop F arevsuch that the normal distance from the shank C to the point H, being the nearest adjacent point of the bend F, is less thanthe distance from the shank `to the point of the periphery or surface of'holder A at J, against which the stem G bears-that is, the distance from the shank Cto the nearest adjacent point'H of bend F is smaller than the eXterior radius of holder A. The peculiar shape `or 'bends are formed in the harrow-teeth before applying to the holder or support. After the tooth has been properly formed and bent, as above described, the shank C is driven into its place in the holder until the curve D isl 'brought into close relation to the surface of the holder. The loop or bend F normally approaching more closely to the shank C than the radius ofthe holder, the driving of the shank into the holder causes said loop or bend F to snap over the holder, as clearly shown in the drawings, thereby forming a most efficient clamp' or secu ring means for the tooth. It will i also be seen that the tension imposed upon the operatin g point or portion G of the tooth when the apparatusis in use, and which tension-operates on the tooth in the direction indicated .by the arrow, serves to bite or clamp the loop portion .F 'more firmly upon the holder A.

:This is due to the fact of the greater flexibility or resiliency of the looped or curved portion F with reference to the bend D, said bend F being of greater diameter and being more flexible than the bend D, the latter being supported rigidly in close relation to the holder and being of smaller radius.

Thus I provide an exceedingly simple and efficient support for the tooth and which is lockedvin position by its own resiliency, but

` which may be readily removed from its holder by driving out the shank C`with-a-hammer By this construction broken or injured' teeth may be readily inserted or vremoved from the holder, andfwhena tooth is once inserted in place in the holder .it is most efficiently gripped or clamped in place, and the greater tension exerted ,thereon in use the more eflicient will be the clamping or gripping eected.

IOO

It is obvious that the principles of my inl shank is driven into place in said support, as

vention may be applicable to many different purposes and uses--as, for instance, in harrows, rakes, cultivators, or other forms of tools or implements. In Figs. 1 and 2 I have shown my invention as applied to a harrow; but it is obvious that my invention is not to be limited to such use. When applied to a harrow, the supports A are suitably mounted in a framework comprising side bars K L, in which the supports A are rotatably journaled. A bar M may be suitably connected to the several supports A and manipulated in any suitable or convenient manner-as, for instance, through a hand-lever N or otherwiseto secure the desired axial adjustment of the support. I desire it to be understood, however, that in the generic conception of my-inventiou I do not desire to be limited or restricted tothe particular construction or arrangement of frame or supporting-bar for the teeth or the means for rotatably adjusting.,lr or actuating the same. It is also to be understood, as above indicated, that the particular form of support A is unimportant. A tubular section, however, affords a most efficient su pport by reason of its lightness, and which does not sacrifice anything of strength or rigidity, and a harrow or other implement o1' tool embodying the construction above set forth is meritoriously economical in construction and efficient in operation.

Many variations and changes in the details of construction and arrangement would readily occur to persons skilled in the art and still fall within the spirit and scope of my invention. vI do not desire, therefore, to be limited or restricted to the exact details shown and described; but,

Having now set forth the object and natu re of my invention and a construction embodying the principles thereof, whatI claim as new and useful and of my own invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. The combination with a support, of an implement suitably bent to form a loop and provided with a shank, the shank adapted to be secured to said support and said loop snapping exteriorly over said support, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination with a support having transverse openings, of an implement provided with a shank adapted to be driven through such openings, said implement being formed into a loop arranged to snap over the exterior sulface of said support when said and for the purpose set forth.

The combination with a holder, of an im- 6o plement provided with a shank, said holder adapted to receive and rigidly hold said shank, said implement provided with a loop arranged to yieldingly grip the exterior surface of said holder, as and for the purpose set forth.

et. The combination with a support, of an implement provided with ashank terminating in a portion bent sharply into angular relation with said shank and terminating in a loop, 7o the normal distance between said shank and the adjacent surface of said loop being less than the length of the exterior radius of said support, whereby when said shank is driven into said support said loop yieldingly snaps over the exterior surface of said support, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination with a support, of an implement having a shank and an operatingstem, said implement between said shank and 8o stem being bent in angular relation with respect to said shank and also into a loop, the radius of said loop being larger than the radius of curvature of said bend, whereby when said shank is driven into said support the loop yieldin gly snaps over the exterior surface of said support, as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination with a tubular section having transverse openings therethrough, of 9o an implement having a shank and va working stem, said implement between said shank and stem being bent into angular relation with respect to said shank, said angular portion terminating in a loop, as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a harrow, a framework, supports mounted therein, said supports provided with transverse openings, and spring barrow-teeth formed with shanks adapted to be driven into roo said transverse openings, said Shanks terminating in an angular portion, said angular portion being bent into aloop to form an operating-stem, said loop arranged to yieldingly snap over the exterior surface of said support JAMES M ACIHAIL.

Witnesses:

E. C. SEMPLE, S. E. DARBY. 

